Posts Tagged ‘Mutual Funds’

When it comes down to it, there are thousands of choices when it comes to investing in mutual funds. The only way you’re going to know which fund is the best for you is by assessing the investment strategy of that fund and looking at the risks that are associated with it. This is important to do so that you can find the mutual fund that is the right fit for you. If not, it is like putting your shoes on the wrong feet. You’re not going to be able to stand on your feet for too long. Finding the right fit means that you can stay in the game and actually benefit from it financially.

But since there are thousands of choices, we’re just going to discuss the main categories that mutual funds fall into. Those funds are:

1. Money market funds – These are funds that have a lower risk compared to many of the other funds out there. It is mandated by law that money market funds are only able to invest in short-term investments that are of a high quality. These investments can only be made in U.S. companies and the different levels of government. The good news is that investor losses are quite rare, but they have happened. This is more or less the type of fund utilized by those who do not like risk.

2. Bond funds, or fixed income funds – These mutual funds have a higher risk than money market funds. The reason why the risk is higher is because these are the funds that tend to seek out higher returns. These types of mutual funds are not restricted to a certain type of investment like money market funds are. Most importantly, their risks can vary. Such risks include: a credit risk because certain parties may not pay the bills, interest rate risks because the value of these bonds can go down when the interest rate goes up, and prepayment risks because the bond issuer may decide to pay off debt to issue new bonds when the interest rate falls.

3. Global equity growth funds – The value of these mutual funds can rise and fall very quickly over a short period of time. However, they do tend to perform better over the long-term, making this a fund that a lot of long-term investors embark upon. These tend to be the riskiest of the funds, but funds tend to have higher returns when they are extremely risky. It just depends on what type of risk you want to take.

4. Balanced funds – These funds consist of different types of investments such as bonds, common and preferred stocks, and short-term bonds. This avoids too much risk and gives the investor the opportunity to receive income and capital appreciation. These types of mutual funds give the investor the opportunity for both growth and income. These investments tend to manage the downturn of the stock market better. That means there is not as much loss associated with these funds.

So now you know the different types of funds. Now it is just a matter of sifting through the thousands of funds within them that can yield great profits or large growth. It depends on what type of risk you are prepared to take with your money. Just keep in mind that the greater the risk the higher the return tends to be. However, the greater risk can also result in money being lost. Once that money is lost, it can’t be recovered. So you have to ask yourself whether a short-term investment is best for you or if you are willing to go on in for the long haul.

It is easy to understand why people would invest in mutual funds, but is it really a smart play? I would say the majority of investors select mutual funds because a) it is easy b) they think the professionals must be able to do better than them c) only option in their company’s 401K. Now there isn’t anything you can do about a company not offering self directed accounts, but most investors even given the option would go mutual funds over selecting stocks themselves. To compound the problem, the majority of investors select the top returning mutual funds from the previous year when they select one. If a mutual fund they own is doing bad, they will drop that one and take the highest returning fund in their pool of funds. Statistics prove that this strategy will not beat the S&P 500 over the long haul.

There is no doubt that there plenty of good mutual funds out there; in fact there are some great ones. The problem is the majority of investors are not in these funds. I’ve read multiple articles with various stats on how many mutual funds actually beat the S&P 500 year over year. These numbers generally are between 10 and 20 percent, which is a staggering number if you think about it. Why would you want to park your money in a fund that isn’t beating the indexes on a consistent basis? Why not just pick an index fund and avoid the fees.

Does anyone like paying fees? I know I don’t and mutual funds charge you fees to run your account. They generally run between 1 and 2 percent, which may not sound like much but it can add up in a hurry. If you started with $10,000 and earned a compounded return rate of 7% in 20 years it would be $38,697. Now lets say with that same starting figure you earn 8.5% (1.5% increase from above), your new total after 20 years would be $51,120. Now doesn’t that extra money in your wallet/purse look nice just by avoiding fees!

If you have a fund that isn’t performing well, we can assume the manager of the fund will likely swap in and out of winners and losers he or she is holding. They undoubtedly will not sit on their hands and watch their stock selections circle the drain. This movement in stocks is music to the ears of the brokerage firms that has their account. They are collecting transactions fees for every stock they get in and out of. Who do you think is paying for that?

Okay this is all fine and dandy but you don’t have the time to pick stocks. It doesn’t take as much time as you think with stock screeners and the amount of information on the internet these days. Now there are hundreds of different approaches to investing in stocks, so I won’t get into which way is the best. You know your risk tolerance and can select stocks off that. If don’t trust yourself picking stocks you can select stocks that the dependable investors like Warren Buffett or Carl Icahn select. You can even find several mutual funds that have historically beat the market over the years and look at their top 10 holdings. If they are in these stocks and have traditionally beat the major indexes, then they most likely are pretty good stocks.

The key to making your stock picks work for you is staying diversified. To what level of diversification should you have your portfolio setup? That again depends on your risk tolerance, but keeping your stocks spread out amongst the different sectors is a good way to avoid heavy losses. If you spent a little time researching stocks, you will see it is time well spent in most cases.

I know selecting stocks can be a scary process for a lot of people but at the very least aren’t you better off in an index fund with no fees. When I am working on my portfolio I have my best interest in mind and I’m not sure that always happens when other people are playing with your money. As an exercise, it might be a good idea to write down stocks you are thinking of buying and track how they are doing compared to your mutual fund. What have you got to lose except the fees.

Mutual funds are good options for American investors to meet their financial goals. These funds offer professional management and diversification of the funds invested. Mutual funds assets in 1990-2000 rose from 1.065 trillion to a whooping 6.965 trillion dollars. 10% Americans owned funds in 1980 and by 2000, the percentage increased to 49%.

What are Mutual funds?

A company dealing in mutual funds invests the money of several investors in bonds, stocks, securities, assets and several other short-term money-market instruments. The combined ‘holdings’ owned by the mutual fund are known as its portfolio. When you invest in a mutual fund you become a shareholder of the company. Each share in a mutual fund company is the representation of he investor’s proportionate ownership of the fund holdings and the income generated. You earn dividends when the mutual fund company earns a profit, however, your shares will decrease in value if it faces a loss. A professional investment manager does the buying and selling of securities for the growth of the fund.

Types of mutual funds:

Equity funds: These funds involve only common stock investments. They can earn a lot of profit, but are also very risky.

Fixed income funds: They include corporate and government securities. These funds offer fixed returns at a low risk.

Balanced funds: This is the combination of bonds and stocks with a low risk. However, the investment does not earn a lot through these funds.

How it works?

Mutual fund shares can be purchased from the company itself or a broker. There are secondary market investors also, like the New York Stock Exchange. Per share net asset value of the funds or NAV is the price that you pay for buying a mutual fund share. It also includes the shareholder fee that is imposed by the fund, at time of purchase. The best feature of mutual funds is that these shares are ‘redeemable’. You, as an investor, can sell your shares back to the broker. In order to accommodate new investors, mutual fund companies generally create new shares and sell them. They keep selling their shares continuously till they become large. Investment advisers act as separate entities and are responsible for managing the investment portfolio of the mutual funds. Investing in mutual funds tends to lower the risk factor because they are the result of diverse investments. Since someone else manages your investments, you need not worry about keeping constant tabs on the investment, though a periodical check enhances your personal book of accounts. Managing funds is the full time job of the fund manager and he is responsible for the performance and health of the investment.

The rate of returns in mutual funds is based on the increase or decrease of the value, during a specific period. Returns of a fund indicate the track record. It is important to remember that the past performance cannot guarantee future results.

As in the case of any investment or business, mutual funds also have risks associated with the returns. It is essential to set your financial goals and requirements, before investing in a mutual fund.

Investing in mutual funds is a relatively safe way of growing your net worth, but such investments are not entirely free of risks. Before you pick on any particular mutual fund for investment you should watch out for a few things.

Performance

The first thing you should look for is whether the mutual fund you are planning to invest in is outperforming or under-performing with respect to the market. Good and safe mutual funds are those that consistently outperform the market. Changes in the net asset values (NAVs) of such mutual funds are consistently one step ahead of the market. For example, if the index that measures market movements goes up, the NAV of most good and safe mutual funds will also move up at least as much as the market or even more than the market. On the other hand, when the market moves southwards, the NAV of most good and safe mutual funds will move down but such depreciation will be less than or at the most equal to the market’s downward movement. Unsafe or risky mutual funds are those where the opposite occurs – when the market moves up, the NAV of risky or unsafe mutual funds may move up less than the market and may even move down despite a bull run in the market. Such under-performing mutual funds should always be eschewed when taking an investment decision.

Churn and earn

The next thing to watch out for is whether the mutual fund is undergoing too much “churn and earn”. This means you have to check whether too many transactions by the mutual fund are resulting in higher fees or costs to the investor. In this context, the worst offenders are those mutual funds that have a lot of spurious churn. Every time a mutual fund buys or sells stocks, the broker or brokers it employs make a neat pile from the commissions. So, these brokers try to encourage a lot of churn or buying and selling of stocks by giving a kickback to the mutual fund manager. Although direct bribery is illegal, payment of soft money through a sponsored trip to Hawaii or letting the mutual fund manager have a swanky Wall Street office for $1 a month is not. The only loser in all this spurious churn is the investor, especially in cases where the small print says that the investor will have to pay the brokers’ fees as well.

Lack of clarity

Mutual Funds that have prospectus, annual reports or statements of additional information written in such a way that they are difficult to understand should also be avoided. The lack of clarity in their documents is almost a sure sign of lack of honesty in their dealings or a lack of competency in managing funds – both of which are strong reasons for avoiding them for investment purposes.

Risky and unsafe mutual funds are also characterised by having too many restrictions on how and when investors can sell or redeem their mutual fund shares. Mutual funds that have too long lock-in periods or those which slap a hefty exit load at the time of redemption should be eyed with suspicion and are likely to prove to be unsafe and risky.

Beware of scams

Finally, there are mutual funds that are outright scams. There have been reports of fund mangers selling stocks at prices other than what has been reported to the investor. For example, the fund manager may have sold stock at prices that prevailed before closing of the day’s trade although the investor is told that the transaction took place at closing prices which were lower. The manager then pockets the difference and with most such transactions involving large volumes, even a fractional price difference can lead to substantial gains for the manger. Again the only loser in all this is the investor who gets short-changed by the mutual fund operator!

If you happen to have some money left over at the end of all the bill payments and you have no need for anymore toys, or even if you are beginning a prudent and fiscally responsible gamble on some wealth that incorporates investment opportunities, you may find yourself wondering whether investing in stocks or purchasing mutual funds will offer the best returns. You might also consider this question when considering how to set up a retirement fund.

In order to help make the decision, it is important to understand what stocks and mutual funds are.

Stocks: Most people believe they have a basic understanding of what stocks are, simply because of their exposure to the term in every day usages. Stocks are individual bits of companies that are available to be purchased by the public in open trading on the stock exchange. Stocks are often sold in bundles, and thus to purchase a stock in a specific company often entails some kind of minimum purchase. Stockholders have a vested interest in the company’s well-being, as the price of their stocks are directly related to a company’s performance. Stocks are divided according to the kind of business they represent, which is known as a sector.

Mutual Funds: Mutual funds are collective investments that pools the money from a lot of investors and puts the money in stocks, bonds, and other investments. Mutual funds are usually managed by a certified professional, as opposed to the individual management of stocks. In essence, mutual funds incorporate many different types of stocks.

The question of whether or not to invest in stocks or mutual funds will primarily come down to the personal expertise and wealth of the individual. Many people will be tempted by the “game” aspect of buying stock, as well as the chance to invest singularly in a company that is well-known or can be easily researched. The fact is, however, that by the time stocks become available on the market they are generally already highly priced, and investing in individual stocks is a highly risky maneuver as your entire process hangs on the well-being of just one company. Even wealthy investors diversify their portfolios by investing in several different types of stock, and this can simply be unaffordable for the average person.

The better bet for the beginning investor is to purchase mutual funds. Mutual funds will pool the costs of many different stocks, lessening the risk of losing your money and raising the chances of gain. Mutual funds may not provide quite the excitement of investing in a lucky stock, but they are good investments for a long-term financial opportunity. In addition, mutual funds are managed by professionals that are well acquainted with the pitfalls and opportunities of the investment sector, which will cut down on both risk and the time it would take to pick individual stocks through research and appointments. Mutual funds will also distribute the risks among several investors, and it is all managed by someone who likely has contacts within the financial world.

For the individual with some extra money, who does not have the time or the expertise to properly “play” the stock market, mutual funds will prove the better option.